舰艇水下爆炸破损分布特性

孙赫 闫明 杜志鹏 张磊

孙赫, 闫明, 杜志鹏, 张磊. 舰艇水下爆炸破损分布特性[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2024, 44(6): 065102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0370
引用本文: 孙赫, 闫明, 杜志鹏, 张磊. 舰艇水下爆炸破损分布特性[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2024, 44(6): 065102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0370
SUN He, YAN Ming, DU Zhipeng, ZHANG Lei. Distribution characteristics of underwater explosion damage to ships[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2024, 44(6): 065102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0370
Citation: SUN He, YAN Ming, DU Zhipeng, ZHANG Lei. Distribution characteristics of underwater explosion damage to ships[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2024, 44(6): 065102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0370

舰艇水下爆炸破损分布特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0370
基金项目: 军科委基础加强计划技术领域基金(2020-JCJQ-JJ-142)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    孙 赫(1999- ),男,硕士,2429965232@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    杜志鹏(1977- ),男,博士,高级工程师,duzp7755@163.com

  • 中图分类号: O383

Distribution characteristics of underwater explosion damage to ships

  • 摘要: 舰艇在作战过程中受到武器攻击,从爆炸产生的破口持续多向进水,影响舰艇的不沉性。为了探究水下爆炸破损分布特性,开展了驳船近场水下爆炸试验,利用声固耦合法计算了冲击波与气泡射流载荷联合作用下全船结构的毁伤,得到整船塑性变形区域的凹陷深度为85 cm,L形破口宽30 cm,破口面积为0.2 m2。对比了试验和仿真数据,计算破口尺寸的相对误差小于20%,破口位置吻合较好,验证了模型的准确性。利用该模型进行了不同爆距下爆炸仿真计算,提出了驳船在近场水下爆炸载荷作用下的分布式损伤模式,明确了舰船结构的毁伤除整体折断和局部大型破口外还有广泛分布的小裂缝存在于舱壁、舷侧外板等部位。随着冲击因子从5.74减小至1.91,舱底破口尺寸减小,舱内裂缝增多;当冲击因子在1.91~2.87之间时,舱底破损为分散式的小型破口。舷侧、舱壁与舱底的连接处为薄弱部位,小裂缝分布较多,在舰艇设计过程中可重点加强防护。
  • 图  1  近场水下爆炸有限元模型

    Figure  1.  A finite element model for near-field underwater explosions

    图  2  不同网格尺寸下结构动能随时间的变化

    Figure  2.  Structural kinetic energy varying with timeunder different mesh sizes

    图  3  驳船舱室分布

    Figure  3.  Barge cabin distribution

    图  4  漂浮状态下实船模型

    Figure  4.  A real ship model in a floating state

    图  5  驳船近场水下爆炸试验工况

    Figure  5.  The near-field underwater explosion condition of the barge

    图  6  驳船整体变形

    Figure  6.  Overall deformation of the barge

    图  7  驳船上甲板A1、A2、A3加速度时域曲线

    Figure  7.  Acceleration time-domain profiles of measurement points A1, A2, and A3 at the upper deck of the barge

    图  8  驳船沿船长方向的应变[21]

    Figure  8.  Barge strain in the direction of the captain[21]

    图  9  近场水下爆炸后驳船舱底的毁伤结果

    Figure  9.  Barge bilge damage results after near-field underwater explosion

    图  10  试验舱底破坏示意图

    Figure  10.  Schematic diagrams of test chamber bilge damage

    图  11  仿真舱底破坏示意图

    Figure  11.  Schematic diagram of simulated bilge damage

    图  12  简支加筋混凝土矩形板的破坏模式[22]

    Figure  12.  Failure modes of simply supported reinforced concrete rectangular slabs[22]

    图  13  驳船舱室破坏示意图

    Figure  13.  Schematic diagram of barge compartment damage

    图  14  支撑立柱破坏结果

    Figure  14.  Damage of the support column

    图  15  立柱测点压力时域曲线

    Figure  15.  Time-domain curve of pressure at column measurement point

    图  16  近场水下爆炸后驳船舷侧毁伤结果

    Figure  16.  Barge side damage results after a near-field underwater explosion

    图  17  驳船运动示意图

    Figure  17.  Schematic diagram of barge movement

    图  18  纵舱壁整体毁伤结果

    Figure  18.  Results of the overall destruction of the longitudinal bulkhead

    图  19  纵舱壁局部毁伤结果

    Figure  19.  Results of localized damage to the longitudinal bulkhead

    图  20  驳船运动过程[21]

    Figure  20.  Barge movement process[21]

    图  21  上甲板毁伤结果[21]

    Figure  21.  Upper deck damage results[21]

    图  22  试验工况下驳船破损分布示意图

    Figure  22.  Schematic diagram of the damage distribution of the barge under test conditions

    图  23  不同爆距下舱底毁伤的模拟结果

    Figure  23.  Simulated results of damage in the bilge with different blasting distances

    图  24  不同爆距下舱壁毁伤的模拟结果

    Figure  24.  Simulated results of damage in the bulkhead with different blasting distances

    图  25  不同爆距下舷侧毁伤的模拟结果

    Figure  25.  Simulated results of damage in the port-side with different blasting distances

    表  1  Q235钢材料参数[20]

    Table  1.   Material parameters of Q235 steel[20]

    屈服应力/MPa塑性应变应变率/s−1
    23500
    3150.30
    5170100
    8250.3100
    85105000
    13580.35000
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  计算工况

    Table  2.   Working conditions for calculation

    工况TNT当量/kg爆距/m冲击因子
    13315.74
    23322.87
    33331.91
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-10-10
  • 修回日期:  2024-02-28
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-02-29
  • 刊出日期:  2024-06-18

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