密闭空间中复合装药的能量释放特性

张学瑞 周涛

张学瑞, 周涛. 密闭空间中复合装药的能量释放特性[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2024, 44(6): 062302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0381
引用本文: 张学瑞, 周涛. 密闭空间中复合装药的能量释放特性[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2024, 44(6): 062302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0381
ZHANG Xuerui, ZHOU Tao. Energy release characteristics of composite charge in confined space[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2024, 44(6): 062302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0381
Citation: ZHANG Xuerui, ZHOU Tao. Energy release characteristics of composite charge in confined space[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2024, 44(6): 062302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0381

密闭空间中复合装药的能量释放特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0381
基金项目: 国防科技卓越青年科学基金(J-JK-ZQ-2101)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张学瑞(1998- ),男,硕士研究生,zhangxuerui1998@163.com

    通讯作者:

    周 涛(1979- ),男,博士,研究员,sflantian@163.com

  • 中图分类号: O381; TQ560.7

Energy release characteristics of composite charge in confined space

  • 摘要: 为研究密闭空间中复合装药能量的释放特性,设计了一种同轴复合装药,其内层为温压炸药,外层为不同组分的混合燃料,混合燃料主要由铝/聚四氟乙烯(Al/PTFE)活性材料或硼基燃料组成,利用密闭爆炸装置开展了复合装药的内爆炸试验,获取了壁面冲击波超压和准静态压力。试验结果表明:相同质量、不同硼基燃料含量的复合装药在密闭空间内爆炸,产生的准静态压力随着硼基燃料含量的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,硼基燃料分解产物参与二次反应的最佳体积分数在1.0%左右;对于复合装药,密闭空间中氧气含量有限,当参与二次反应的物质浓度达到一定阈值时,无论是提高点火能量还是提高反应物浓度,准静态压力都无法获得高效提升,能量利用率没有提高。
  • 图  1  复合装药结构示意图

    Figure  1.  Structure diagram of composite charge

    图  2  爆炸装置示意图(单位:mm)

    Figure  2.  Schematic diagrams of the explosive device (unit: mm)

    图  3  温压炸药和Al/PTFE复合装药的冲击波超压时程曲线

    Figure  3.  Shock wave overpressure time-history curves of thermobaric explosive and composite charge

    图  4  温压炸药和Al/PTFE复合装药的准静态压力时程曲线

    Figure  4.  Quasi-static pressure time-history curves of thermobaric explosive and composite charge

    图  5  不同硼基燃料含量的复合装药冲击波超压时程曲线

    Figure  5.  Shock wave overpressure-time curves of composite charges with different boron-based fuel contents

    图  6  不同硼基燃料含量的复合装药准静态压力时程曲线

    Figure  6.  Quasi-static pressure-time curves of composite charges with different boron-based fuel contents

    图  7  不同内外层材料比的复合装药冲击波超压时程曲线

    Figure  7.  Shock wave overpressure-time curves of composite charges with different mass ratios of inner and outer layer materials

    图  8  不同内外层材料质量比的复合装药准静态压力时程曲线

    Figure  8.  Quasi-static pressure-time curves of composite charges with different mass ratios of inner and outer layer materials

    表  1  试验样品状态

    Table  1.   Test sample status

    试样内层材料内层质量/g外层材料外层质量/g内外层质量比总质量/g
    1温压炸药50温压炸药1001∶2150
    2温压炸药50Al/PTFE1001∶2150
    3温压炸药50Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(0.5%)1001∶2150
    4温压炸药50Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.5%)1001∶2150
    5温压炸药50Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)1001∶2150
    6温压炸药100Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)1001∶1200
    7温压炸药50Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)1501∶3200
     注:表中的0.5%、1.5%和1.0%为硼基燃料的分解产物在爆炸装置内爆炸产物中的体积分数,在后文中能够以此推算硼基燃料的质量。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  内爆试验结果

    Table  2.   Internal explosion test results

    试样外层材料冲击波超压峰值/
    MPa
    冲击波冲量/
    (MPa·s)
    准静态压力峰值/
    MPa
    准静态压力/
    MPa
    准静压上升速率/
    (MPa·s−1
    1温压炸药0.9700.00060.5290.50120.95
    2Al/PTFE(1∶2)0.6770.00150.6590.64215.77
    3Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(0.5%)(1∶2)0.7150.00230.6700.62719.62
    4Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.5%)(1∶2)0.6300.00140.6190.59313.42
    5Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)(1∶2)0.6180.00150.6710.64617.35
    6Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)(1∶1)0.8730.00160.7360.69325.59
    7Al/PTFE+硼基燃料(1.0%)(1∶3)0.4320.00100.6920.66714.63
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-10-17
  • 修回日期:  2024-03-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-03-26
  • 刊出日期:  2024-06-18

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