不同速率后燃烧效应对内爆特性的影响

郭强; 刘寅东

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0442

不同速率后燃烧效应对内爆特性的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0442

郭强,
刘寅东^,

大连海事大学船舶与海洋工程学院，辽宁大连 116026

详细信息

作者简介:
郭　强（1996－　），男，博士研究生，guoqiangds@dlmu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
刘寅东（1964－　），男，博士，教授，cblyd1964@dlmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389
计量
- 文章访问数: 130
- HTML全文浏览量: 16
- PDF下载量: 30
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-12
- 修回日期: 2025-01-18
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-21

On the influence of after-burning effect on implosion characteristics at different energy release rates

GUO Qiang,
LIU Yindong^,

Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究爆轰产物后燃烧效应对封闭空间毁伤特性的影响，提出了一种基于能量守恒原理的后燃烧能量简化计算方法，开展了内爆毁伤效应模拟。以无后燃烧效应工况为基准，分别采用恒定速率和线性增加速率加载2种能量模式，分析了速度、超压等关键载荷参数的差异。研究发现：后燃烧效应显著增强内爆毁伤特性，且能量加载速率模式对毁伤效应产生差异化影响。在恒定速率加载模式下，速度增幅达42.67%，加速度显著提升，增幅达71.21%；冲击波超压峰值增大74.42%，准静态压力增幅达74.95%，动能呈现212%的跨越式增长。相较于线性增加速率加载方式，恒定速率加载模式对内爆特性参数的增强效应更显著，所提出的后燃烧能量计算方法可有效模拟密闭空间内爆毁伤的动态响应特性，可为抗爆结构设计及评估提供更精确的后燃烧效应模拟方法。
- 后燃烧效应 /
- 密闭空间 /
- 毁伤特性 /
- 准静态压力
Abstract: A closed space model was constructed using steel plates to examine the influence of afterburning energy load generated by explosive detonation products on the damage characteristics of confined space. Additionally, the quasi-static pressure in the confined space was simplified by applying the energy conservation law. Relying on the adiabatic index of the mixture of detonation products and air, as well as the complete afterburning degree of detonation products, a simulation method for the afterburning effect was proposed. This method was used to calculate the afterburning energy of detonation products and determine the beginning and ending times of the afterburning effect. The numerical simulation of implosion ruin in a confined space was carried out by this method. The implosion simulation considering the afterburning energy load was performed by employing two simulation methods: constant reaction rate and linearly increasing reaction rate. The results were compared with the implosion simulation results without considering the afterburning effect. The influence and degree of change of the afterburning effect on the implosion damage characteristics were analyzed. It is found that the afterburning effect with different reaction rates has a significant influence on the detonation damage characteristics, except for the temperature, in confined spaces. Moreover, the enhancement effect of the constant reaction rate is the most significant. It increased the velocity and acceleration loads under implosion in the confined space by 42.67% and 71.21%, respectively. The overpressure and quasi-static pressure were increased by 74.42% and 74.95%, respectively, and the kinetic energy was increased by approximately 212%. The proposed simulation method for the afterburning effect can better simulate the dynamic response of implosion ruin in confined spaces and provides a more accurate simulation method of the afterburning effect for the design and evaluation of explosion-proof structures.
- afterburning effect /
- confined space /
- damage characteristics /
- quasi-static pressure

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图 1 结构和炸点位置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of structure and explosion-point location

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图 2 靶板和空气域模型

Figure 2. A model for target plate and air domain

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图 3 空中爆炸冲击波传播过程

Figure 3. Propagation process of shock wave in air explosion

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图 4 不同测点处的超压时程曲线

Figure 4. Overpressure time history curves at different measuring points

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图 5 网格密度对冲击波超压的影响

Figure 5. Effect of grid density on the shock wave overpressure

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图 6 内爆冲击波传播过程

Figure 6. Propagation process of the implosion shock wave

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图 7 密闭空间内爆温度变化曲线

Figure 7. Temperature variation curves of implosion in the confined space

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图 8 后燃烧效应对温度特性的影响

Figure 8. Influences of afterburning effect on temperature characteristics

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图 9 不同速率后燃烧效应对超压特性的影响

Figure 9. Effect of afterburning with different reaction rates on overpressure characteristics

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图 10 不同速率后燃烧效应对速度特性的影响

Figure 10. Effect of afterburning with different reaction rates on velocity characteristics

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图 11 不同速率后燃烧效应对加速度特性的影响

Figure 11. Effect of afterburning with different reaction rates on the acceleration characteristics

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图 12 不同速率后燃烧效应对动能特性的影响

Figure 12. Effect of afterburning with different reaction rates on the kinetic energy characteristics

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图 13 不同模拟方式对内爆超压特性的影响

Figure 13. Effects of different simulation methods on the implosion overpressure characteristics

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表 2 结构/空气网格划分比对计算精度的影响

Table 2. Influence of grid division ratio on calculation accuracy

试验	算法	网格尺寸比	挠度			耗时/ min
试验	算法	网格尺寸比	试验值/mm	模拟值/mm	误差/%	耗时/ min
5	S-ALE	1∶0.8	69	68.0543	1.371	200
		1∶1		68.1495	1.233	160
		1∶1.5		68.1991	1.161	117
		1∶2		68.0122	1.432	107

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表 3 空气材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters of air

密度/(kg·m⁻³)	C₀/kPa	C₁/Pa	C₂/Pa	C₃/Pa	C₄	C₅	C₆
1.29	-101.332	0	0	0	0.4	0.4	0

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表 1 试验复现算法评估

Table 1. Algorithm evaluation via experimental reproduction

试验	算法	靶板挠度			耗时/ min
试验	算法	试验值/mm^[33]	模拟值/mm	误差/%	耗时/ min
3	ALE	79	74.42	5.80	212
3	S-ALE	79	77.95	1.33	165
5	ALE	69	72.01	4.36	216
5	S-ALE	69	68.15	1.23	160

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表 4 TNT材料参数

Table 4. Material parameters of TNT

密度/(kg·m⁻³)	爆速/(m·s⁻¹)	A/GPa	B/GPa	R₁	R₂	ω	E/(MJ·m⁻³)
1630	6930	373.77	3.7471	4.15	0.9	0.35	7.147

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表 5 不同网格密度的冲击波误差

Table 5. Shock wave overpressure errors with different grid densities

当量/kg	λ	平均误差/%	当量/kg	λ	平均误差/%
55	3	13.73	55	5	8.87
135		11.36	135		9.26
320		11.01	320		9.46
508		11	508		9.2
55	4	10.55	55	6	7.9
135		8.71	135		10.3
320		9.15	320		8.96
508		8.89	508		9.48

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表 6 绝热指数误差分析表

Table 6. Adiabatic index error analysis table

炸药当量/g	γ
炸药当量/g	文献[30]	本文	绝对误差	相对误差/%
7.5	1.354	1.3545	0.0005	0.04
11.25	1.350	1.3529	0.0029	0.21
15	1.348	1.3503	0.0023	0.17
22.5	1.345	1.3466	0.0016	0.12
30	1.344	1.3453	0.0013	0.10

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表 7 TNT爆轰产物与燃点温度

Table 7. TNT detonation products and ignition temperature

爆轰产物	反应方程	燃点温度/K
C	C+O₂→CO₂	975
CO	CO+0.5O₂→CO₂	880
H₂	H₂+0.5O₂→H₂O	850
CH₄	CH₄+2O₂→CO₂+2H₂O	850

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表 8 不同当量后燃烧能量对比

Table 8. Comparison of combustion energy for different equivalents

炸药当量/g	后燃烧能量kJ/g		能量差值kJ/g
炸药当量/g	文献[30]	本文	能量差值kJ/g
7.5	10.474	10.423	0.051
11.25	8.929	9.068	0.139
15	7.739	7.851	0.112
22.5	6.981	6.881	0.1
30	5.988	5.861	0.127

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表 9 不同内爆方式下的准静态压力

Table 9. Quasi-static pressures under different implosion modes

测点	准静态压力/kPa
测点	后燃烧	恒定速率后燃烧	线性增加速率后燃烧
1	119.6	158.9	141.2
2	90.1	157.7	141.2
3	80.9	161.9	140.6
4	82.7	165.2	140.5

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表 10 不同内爆方式下的测点速度峰值

Table 10. Peak velocities of measuring points under different implosion modes

测点	测点加速度峰值/(m·s⁻¹)
测点	无后燃烧	恒定速率后燃烧	线性增加速率后燃烧
1	833.95	3283.86	833.95
2	1247.00	2668.66	1247.00
3	1702.24	2933.10	1702.24
4	756.47	3426.99	757.60
5	833.68	3080.01	833.68
6	1247.26	2216.63	1247.27

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表 11 不同内爆方式下的测点加速度峰值

Table 11. Peak acceleration of measuring points under different implosion modes

测点	测点加速度峰值/(km·s²)
测点	无后燃烧	恒定速率后燃烧	线性增加速率后燃烧
1	756.73	6448.36	1202.08
2	1053.43	7646.64	855.02
3	1933.97	7990.35	1784.83
4	853.85	2469.58	968.77
5	3130.58	2048.69	3090.53
6	2186.04	5693.24	5360.57

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表 12 迭代步数对测点超压峰值计算结果的影响

Table 12. Influences of iteration step on calculated peak overpressures at measuring points

迭代步数	超压峰值/MPa	超压误差/%	计算耗时/min	资源消耗/GB
25	1.208	79.80%	16	10.5
50	4.108	31.29%	17	16.4
100	4.567	23.62%	18	28.2
200	6.352	6.24%	22	51.7

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