典型冰雹撞击载荷作用下T800碳纤维板的损伤特性

赵浩川; 冯晓伟; 刘瑶璐; 李天宇; 胡艳辉; 谭晓军; 聂源

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0453

典型冰雹撞击载荷作用下T800碳纤维板的损伤特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0453

赵浩川^1,,
冯晓伟^{1, 2, ,},
刘瑶璐³,
李天宇¹,
胡艳辉¹,
谭晓军¹,
聂源¹

1.
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，四川绵阳 621999
2.
工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点试验室，四川绵阳 621010
3.
重庆大学航空航天学院，重庆 400044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12102413)

详细信息

作者简介:
赵浩川（2000－　），男，硕士研究生， 603389614@qq.com

通讯作者:
冯晓伟（1984－　），男，博士，副研究员，414fengxw@caep.cn

中图分类号: O347.3; V258
计量
- 文章访问数: 70
- HTML全文浏览量: 8
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-18
- 修回日期: 2025-01-19
- 网络出版日期: 2025-02-25

Damage characteristics of T800 carbon fiber plates subject to typical hail impact loads

1.
Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
2.
Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
3.
Chongqing University College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing 400044, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究民航客机用高性能碳纤维复合材料的冰雹撞击损伤特性，首先，通过试验对冰球在高速冲击下的撞击力特性进行了研究，给出了冲击力时程曲线以及峰值冲击力与冰球动能的线性增长关系；随后，对T800/3200碳纤维复合材料层合板进行单次冰球撞击，发现其损伤形态与碳纤维层合板的铺层方式有关，而损伤程度则与冰球的初速度有关，同时超声C扫描结果表明其内部层间脱黏面积与冰球撞击时的动能呈线性增长关系；最后，对相同厚度的靶板进行了冰球重复撞击试验，其宏观损伤程度随撞击次数的增加而加重，且碳纤维板中心点的挠度与冰球累积动能呈二次关系，并最终呈现前后贯穿且伴有大量纤维拔出的损伤形态。
- 冰雹 /
- 高性能碳纤维层合板 /
- 撞击力 /
- 损伤特性
Abstract: With the deterioration of the natural climate, hail impact has become a threat that cannot be ignored by civil aircraft. To study the hail impact damage characteristics of high-performance carbon fiber composites used for civil aircraft, we first investigated the impact force characteristics of ice spheres under high-speed impact through experiments, and the impact time history curves of ice spheres under different speeds were obtained using an air cannon test system. At the same time, to make the speed range of the ice sphere more extensive, some existing experiment data are introduced as a comparison to obtain the linear growth relationship between the peak impact force and the kinetic energy of the ice sphere. Subsequently, a single ice sphere impact test was conducted on the T800/3200 carbon fiber composite laminates. It was found that the concave of the front core damage area forms a 45° angle with the boundary of the target plate, which is related to the carbon fiber layup mode, and the damage degree depends on the initial speed of the ice sphere. To further quantify the relationship between the damage degree of the laminate and the kinetic energy of the ice sphere, ultrasonic C-scanning was used to obtain the damaged area of the target plate, and the damage percentage was extracted by software analysis. The results show that the percentage of internal interlayer delamination increases linearly with the kinetic energy of the ice sphere. After that, repeated impact tests of ice spheres were carried out on the target plate with the same thickness, and as expected, the macro damage degree increased with the number of impacts. Finally, the front and back surfaces of the composite laminates were completely delaminated, resulting in a large number of fibers being pulled out and displaying a penetrating through-thickness damage pattern. The deflection of the center point of the target plate was selected as the quantitative damage index, and according to the data analysis of the measured results, it was found that there is a quadratic relationship between the deflection of the center point of the carbon fiber plate and the accumulated kinetic energy of the ice sphere. The apex of the parabola can well reflect the accumulated kinetic energy required for the target plate penetration.
- ice sphere /
- high performance carbon fiber laminate /
- impact force /
- damage characteristic

HTML全文

图 1 波音787的复合材料^[2]

Figure 1. Composites in Boeing 787^[2]

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图 2 60 mm冰球制备模具

Figure 2. Mold for preparation of 60 mm ice spheres

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图 3 冰球撞击杆试验装置

Figure 3. Test device of ice spheres impacting bars

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图 4 冰球弹托

Figure 4. Ice sphere with sabot

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图 5 撞击力时程曲线图

Figure 5. Impact force history curves

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图 6 高速摄影下冰球撞击金属杆过程

Figure 6. The process of ice spheres impacting metal rod under the high-speed camera

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图 7 初始动能与峰值冲击力关系

Figure 7. Relationship between initial kinetic energy and impact force peak

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图 8 冰球撞击靶板试验装置

Figure 8. Test device of ice spheres impacting target

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图 9 固定钢框架

Figure 9. Steel frame fixer

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图 10 高速摄影下冰球撞击T800/3200靶板过程

Figure 10. The process of ice spheres impacting T800/3200 target under the high-speed camera

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图 11 5.5 mm靶板受冰球撞击后的毁伤形态

Figure 11. Damage pattern of 5.5 mm thick targets after hit by ice spheres

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图 12 超声扫描结果

Figure 12. Results of ultrasonic C-scan

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图 13 靶板损伤面积百分比与冰球初始动能的关系

Figure 13. Relationship between the percentage of target damage area and the initial kinetic energy of ice sphere

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图 14 靶板损伤面积百分比与冰球峰值冲击力的关系

Figure 14. Relationship between the percentage of target damage area and the peak impact force of ice sphere

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图 15 第1～3次冲击后靶板的损伤情况

Figure 15. Damage situation of the target after 1st to 3rd impact

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图 16 第4～5次冲击后靶板的损伤情况

Figure 16. Damage situation of the target after 4th to 5th impact

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图 17 冰球累积动能-挠度曲线

Figure 17. Cumulative kinetic of ice spheres-deflection curve

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图 18 等效峰值冲击力-挠度曲线

Figure 18. Equivalent peak impact force-deflection curve

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表 1 冰球高速撞击金属杆试验工况

Table 1. Experimental conditions for the high-speed impact of ice spheres on bars

序号	冰球质量/g	冰球速度/（m·s⁻¹）	冰球动能/J
1	97.1	80.2	312.3
2	100.3	128.6	829.4
3	98.6	204.4	2059.7

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表 2 冰球冲击碳纤维靶板试验工况

Table 2. Experimental conditions for ice spheres impacting carbon fiber plates

序号	靶板厚度/mm	铺层方式	冰球质量/g	冰球速度/（m·s⁻¹）	初始动能/J
1	5.69	[45/−45/90/0/90/−45/45/90/0/90/45/−45/90/90/−45/45]_s	97.9	65.1	207.5
2			98.0	89.7	394.3
3			97.7	108.3	573.0
4			98.5	140.5	972.2

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表 3 冰球多次冲击碳纤维靶板的试验工况

Table 3. Experimental conditions for repeated impacts of ice spheres on carbon fiber plates

撞击次数	冰球直径/ mm	靶板厚度/ mm	冰球速度/ （m·s⁻¹）	冰球动能/J
1	60	5.63	157.3	1207.8
2			152.1	1132.1
3			153.2	1147.0
4			154.9	1177.2
5			151.6	1132.1

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表 4 冰球撞击后的挠度及损伤程度

Table 4. Deflection and damage extent after impact with ice spheres

撞击次数	冰球动能/J	靶板中心点挠度/mm	损伤程度
1	1207.8	16	轻度
2	1132.1	50	中度
3	1147.0	68	严重
4	1177.2	74	完全破坏
5	1132.1	—	贯穿

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