核壳式复合活性破片对间隔靶的毁伤效应

薛建锋; 赵旭峰; 皮爱国; 许红浩; 原黎明; 万斯奇

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0483

核壳式复合活性破片对间隔靶的毁伤效应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0483

1.
航空工业洪都660所，江西南昌 330024
2.
中国兵器工业第208研究所，北京 102202
3.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 1000081

详细信息

作者简介:
薛建锋（1987－　），男，博士，高级工程师，xuejianfeng666@163.com

通讯作者:
皮爱国（1977－　），男，博士，教授，aiguo_pi@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: TJ04; O385
计量
- 文章访问数: 120
- HTML全文浏览量: 17
- PDF下载量: 47
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-11
- 修回日期: 2025-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-29

Study on the damage effect of core-shell composite reactive fragments on spaced targets

1.
660 Design Institute of Hong Du Aviation Industry Group, Nanchang , Nanchang 330024, Jiangxi, China
2.
No.208 Research Institute of China Ordnance, Beijing 102202, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Explosive Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为提升氟聚物基活性破片的毁伤效率，拓展其应用范围，研制了一种“核壳”式复合结构活性破片，该破片采用湿混法，引入碳纤维增强基体材料的强度，采用特定的烧结条件，制备了PTFE/Al/CF钨粉和PTFE/Al/CF钨球2种试样，并开展了相应的基本力学性能试验。通过2种结构破片侵彻3 mm+3 mm+2 mm+2 mm多层间隔铝靶试验，采用Python自编的源程序对试验数据进行自动处理，获得了各层靶板的穿孔面积、变形体积以及反应光强总量，对比分析了不同速度和约束条件下多层间隔靶的毁伤特征差异。研究结果表明：“核壳”式破片侵彻能力更强，低速可穿透4层靶板，但穿孔面积较小，穿孔直径约为0.95倍破片直径；均质破片穿孔面积更大，但侵彻能力较弱，穿孔直径约为1.21倍破片直径，高速条件下只能穿透3层靶板；钢壳约束显著提升了破片的穿孔和侵彻能力。破片的主要活性反应发生在与第2层靶的撞击过程中，但其释能反应对穿孔效应的促进作用有限，毁伤特征差异主要取决于破片的力学特性。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 核壳式复合活性破片 /
- 间隔靶 /
- 毁伤效应
Abstract: To enhance the damage efficiency of fluoropolymer-based reactive fragments and broaden their application range, a novel core-shell composite structure active fragment has been proposed. To improve the strength of the matrix material, carbon fiber was introduced via a wet mixing method. Under specific sintering conditions, two types of samples were prepared: PTFE/Al/CF tungsten powder and PTFE/Al/CF tungsten ball. The basic mechanical properties of these samples were tested. The addition of tungsten powder was found to increase the dynamic compressive strength of the composite. Penetration tests were conducted on 3 mm+3 mm+2 mm+2 mm multi-layer interval aluminum targets using both types of fragments. The experimental data were automatically processed using a Python-based program, yielding the perforation area, deformation volume, and reaction light intensity for each layer of the target plate. The damage characteristics of the multi-interval target under different velocity and constraint conditions were compared and analyzed. The results show that the core-shell type fragment exhibits superior penetration ability. It can penetrate all four layers of the target plates at low speeds, although the perforation area is relatively small, with a perforation diameter approximately 0.95 times the fragment diameter. In contrast, the homogeneous fragment has a larger perforation area but weaker penetration ability. Its perforation diameter is about 1.21 times the fragment diameter, and it can only penetrate three layers of target plates at high speeds. The steel shell constraint significantly enhances the punching and penetration capabilities of the fragments. The primary active reaction of the fragment occurs during impact with the second layer of the target. The energy release reaction has a limited effect on improving the punching effect. The differences in damage characteristics are mainly attributed to the mechanical properties of the fragments. These findings provide valuable insights for the structural design and damage effect evaluation of reactive fragments.
- mechanics of explosion /
- core-shell composite reactive fragment /
- spaced target /
- damage effect

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图 1 活性材料试样结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the structure of the reactive material sample

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图 2 活性材料试样

Figure 2. Reactive material sample

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图 3 试验场地布置示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the test site

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图 4 靶板和活性破片实物图

Figure 4. Images of target plates and reactive fragments

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图 5 靶板典型照片与处理图片

Figure 5. Typical target photos and processed images

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图 6 完成评估程序前后的靶板

Figure 6. target before and after the evaluation procedure

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图 7 靶板变形示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of target plate deformation

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图 8 典型高速摄影图像（PTFE/Al/CF/W粉，有壳体，538 m/s）

Figure 8. Typical high-speed photography image (PTFE/Al/CF/W power, with shell, 538 m/s)

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图 9 典型高速摄影图像（PTFE/Al/CF/W球，有壳体，565m/s）

Figure 9. Typical high-speed photography image（PTFE/Al/CF/W ball，with shell，565m/s）

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图 10 总穿孔面积

Figure 10. Total perforation area

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图 11 第1层靶板变形的试验结果和程序计算对比

Figure 11. Comparison between experimental results and program calculations of the first target plate deformation

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图 12 第2层靶板的毁伤形貌

Figure 12. Damage morphology of the second-layer target plate

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图 13 总变形体积

Figure 13. Total deformation volume

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图 14 前两层靶板的变形体积和穿孔面积对比

Figure 14. Comparison between the deformed volume and perforation area of the first two layers of target plates

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图 15 总反应光强

Figure 15. Total reactive light intensity

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表 1 活性材料试样的基体材料质量配比

Table 1. Formulation of the matrix material for the reactive material test sample

w(PTFE)/%	w(Al)/%	w(CF)/%	理论最大密度/(g·cm⁻³⁾
72.0	26.0	2	2.270

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表 2 试样2的质量配比

Table 2. Formulation of sample 2

配方	w(PTFE)/%	w(Al)/%	w(CF)/%	w(W)/%
试样	30.1	10.9	2	57

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表 3 2种材料的动态力学性能参数

Table 3. Dynamic mechanical properties of two materials

试样	气室气压/ MPa	应变率/ s⁻¹	屈服强度/ MPa	弹性模量/ MPa	抗压强度/ MPa
PTFE/Al/CF	0.04	682	18.7	849	25.0
	0.10	2304	29.1	963	44.8
	0.15	3007	37.5	1202	52.1
	0.20	5448	48.8	1260	55.8
PTFE/Al/CF/W	0.05	970	31.9	1611	37.2
	0.10	2378	38.9	2288	53.2
	0.15	3217	45.1	2791	56.5
	0.20	5386	52.6	2810	63.5

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表 4 侵彻毁伤试验设计

Table 4. Design of penetration and damage tests

破片类型	有无约束	试验编号	质量/g	破片直径/mm	破片长度/mm	气室压力/MPa	速度/（m·s⁻¹）
PTFE/Al/CF/钨粉	无	1-1	3.60	10.02	10.04	3.0	549
		1-2	3.61	10.02	10.03	5.5	606
		1-3	3.55	10.02	10.02	8.0	759
	有	1-4	5.24	11.10	10.03	3.0	538
		1-5	5.22	11.10	10.03	5.5	673
		1-6	5.18	11.10	10.01	8.0	725
PTFE/Al/CF/钨球	无	2-1	3.59	10.02	10.04	3.0	533
		2-2	3.61	10.04	10.02	5.5	673
		2-3	3.56	10.02	10.00	8.0	736
	有	2-4	5.20	11.10	10.50	3.0	565
		2-5	5.22	11.10	10.50	5.5	653
		2-6	5.21	11.10	10.50	8.0	745

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表 5 各工况对应的各层靶板的穿孔面积

Table 5. Perforated area of each layer of the target plate for each operating condition

试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	各层靶板穿孔面积/mm²				总穿孔面积/mm²
试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	第1层靶板	第2层靶板	第3层靶板	第4层靶板	总穿孔面积/mm²
1-1	549	116.06	0	0	0	116.06
1-2	606	116.18	79.76	0	0	195.94
1-3	759	132.82	128.32	110.86	0	372.00
1-4	538	159.99	366.57	0	0	526.56
1-5	673	148.66	330.38	22.43	0	501.47
1-6	725	170.16	202.30	80.46	0	452.92
2-1	533	39.42	22.77	24.16	24.85	111.20
2-2	673	111.21	25.55	24.16	24.51	185.43
2-3	736	157.22	25.09	22.08	22.89	227.28
2-4	565	138.60	111.09	24.04	23.81	297.54
2-5	653	155.71	176.64	25.32	24.04	381.71
2-6	745	140.45	206.46	20.00	26.24	393.15

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表 6 各工况变形靶板的变形体积

Table 6. The deformation volume of the deformed target plate under various working conditions

试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	各层靶板变形体积V_d/mm³				总变形体积V_t/mm³
试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	第1层靶板	第2层靶板	第3层靶板	第4层靶板	总变形体积V_t/mm³
1-1	549	11845	55840	−	−	67685
1-2	606	11433	53539	27499	−	92471
1-3	759	6655	29797	35855	23655	95962
1-4	538	11387	98668	36862	−	146917
1-5	673	6990	87570	74165	5000	173725
1-6	725	7455	107958	62652	21882	199947
2-1	533	30809	11968	11477	15603	69857
2-2	673	51321	28440	27452	18495	125708
2-3	736	47834	28047	14814	10555	101250
2-4	565	36352	57151	32070	18638	144211
2-5	653	23198	102155	34736	10826	170915
2-6	745	35591	81511	47527	10635	175264

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表 7 各工况下变形靶板前的亮度积分结果

Table 7. The brightness integral results before the deformation target plate under various working conditions

试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	各层靶板前的亮度积分				总亮度积分
试验编号	速度/（m·s⁻¹）	第1层靶板	第2层靶板	第3层靶板	第4层靶板	总亮度积分
1-1	549	140.06	247.09	−	−	387.15
1-2	606	1103.8	2322.21	856.01	−	4282.02
1-3	759	948.4	1402.6	1035.3	845.7	4232
1-4	538	468.1	861.5	862.9	−	2192.5
1-5	673	1451.6	2939.2	2189.9	1149.8	7730.5
1-6	725	1852.1	2468.1	2148.4	1538.0	8006.6
2-1	533	18.45	71.4	31.8	7.8	129.45
2-2	673	919.2	1244.4	784.8	367.8	3316.2
2-3	736	841.8	1136.7	768.5	548.2	3295.2
2-4	565	1256.5	1873.4	1419.9	956.4	5506.2
2-5	653	1393.1	2621.7	1507.5	981.4	6503.7
2-6	745	1571.0	2022.6	1797.6	1271.2	6662.4

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