可燃气体泄爆特性研究现状及发展趋势

李润之; 刘明帅; 黄子超; 曹梦婷; 陈旭; 王笑

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0493

可燃气体泄爆特性研究现状及发展趋势

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0493

1.
山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院，山东青岛 266590
2.
中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司火灾爆炸防治研究分院，重庆 400037

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52474240）；山东省自然科学基金（ZR2022ME085）；河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室—省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金（WS2022A02）

详细信息

作者简介:
李润之（1981－　），男，博士，教授，runzhi_li@126.com 15823111636

通讯作者:
陈　旭（1993－　），男，博士，讲师，xchen200003@163.com 18813175116

中图分类号: O389; X932
计量
- 文章访问数: 78
- HTML全文浏览量: 17
- PDF下载量: 41
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-19
- 修回日期: 2025-05-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-26

Research status and development trend of combustible gas explosion venting characteristics

1.
College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
2.
Fire and Explosion Prevention Research Branch, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing 400037, China

摘要

摘要: 泄爆是防控可燃气体爆炸危害的有效途径之一，但泄放过程中有可能发生外部泄放气云的二次爆炸，如何实现可燃气体爆炸的有效泄爆，降低爆炸带来的危害，成为当前研究的一个重点方向。为此，从可燃气体爆炸特性、可燃气体泄爆特性以及泄爆外流场二次爆炸等三方面对目前国内外可燃气体泄爆特性研究现状进行了总结分析，发现多元混合可燃气体的爆炸危险性难以准确预测评估、内外流场耦合泄爆机理研究尚不深入、泄爆效果表征方法以及二次爆炸临界条件不明等问题。基于上述问题，从探索可燃气体爆炸风险与致灾机理、深化可燃气体泄爆超压及火焰演化特性研究、揭示泄爆外流场二次爆炸形成机制等方面进行了展望，这为今后研究可燃气体泄爆问题提供了重要参考。
- 可燃气体 /
- 泄爆 /
- 爆炸机理 /
- 二次爆炸 /
- 外流场 /
- 压力波 /
- 火焰波
Abstract: Explosion venting is one of the effective ways to prevent and control the hazards of combustible gas explosions, but the process of venting there may be a secondary explosion of the external venting gas cloud, how to achieve an effective explosion venting of combustible gas explosions to reduce the hazards posed by the explosion, has become a key direction of the current research. To this end, from the combustible gas explosion characteristics, combustible gas explosion venting characteristics and explosion venting of the external flow field of the secondary explosion and other aspects of the current domestic and foreign combustible gas explosion venting characteristics of the current research situation is summarized and analyzed, and found that the explosion risk of the pluralistic mixed system is difficult to accurately predict and evaluate, the internal and external flow field coupling explosion venting mechanism is not yet in-depth, the characterization of the explosion venting effect and the critical conditions of the secondary explosion is unknown. Based on the above problems, the outlook from the exploration of combustible gas explosion risk and disaster-causing mechanism, deepen the combustible gas explosion venting overpressure and flame evolution characteristics of the study, revealing the formation mechanism of the secondary explosion of the explosion venting external flow field. This provides an important reference for the future study of combustible gas explosion venting.
- combustible gas /
- explosion venting /
- explosion mechanism /
- secondary explosion /
- outflow field /
- pressure wave /
- flame wave

HTML全文

图 1 不同掺氢比下CH₄/H₂混合物在不同N₂浓度中的爆炸上下限^[17]

Figure 1. Upper and lower explosion limits of CH₄/H₂ mixtures at different N₂ concentrations with different hydrogen doping ratios^[17]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 最大爆炸压力及最大压力上升速率随初始压力变化^[33]

Figure 2. Variation of maximum explosion pressure and maximum pressure rise rate with initial pressure^[33]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同H₂-空气当量比下的火焰传播纹影图^[47]

Figure 3. Flame propagation schlieren at different H₂-air equivalence ratios^[47]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 开启压力为30 kPa时压力峰值的分布^[49]

Figure 4. Distribution rule of pressure peak when opening pressure is 30 kPa^[49]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同左端泄爆口面积下的爆炸火焰传播图像^[61]

Figure 5. Images of explosion flame propagation on the conditions of different venting areas at left ends^[61]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同工况下火焰传播^[66]

Figure 6. Flame propagation under different working conditions^[66]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 刚（左）/柔性障碍物（右）下容器内的爆炸超压与最大升压速率曲线^[69]

Figure 7. Explosion overpressure and maximum pressure rise rate curve in spherical container under the condition of rigid (left)/flexible obstacle (right)^[69]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 可燃气体泄爆过程中的二次爆炸火焰高清图像

Figure 8. High definition image of secondary explosion flame during combustible gas explosion venting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同初始压力和温度条件下H₂的爆炸下限^[8]

Table 1. Lower explosion limits of H₂ under different initial pressure and temperature conditions^[8]

初始压力/MPa	爆炸下限/%
	21 ℃		40 ℃		60 ℃		75 ℃		90 ℃
	氢气	空气	氢气	空气	氢气	空气	氢气	空气	氢气	空气
0.1	4	96	4	96	4	96	4	96	4	96
0.2	2	98	1.5	98.5	1.5	98.5	1.5	98.5	1.5	98.5
0.3	1.67	98.33	1.33	98.67	1.33	98.67	1.33	98.67	1.33	98.67
0.4	1.25	98.75	1.25	98.75	1.25	98.75	1.25	98.75	1.25	98.75

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 氢气/甲烷混合气体的爆炸情况^[11]

Table 2. Explosion of hydrogen/methane mixed gas^[11]

ϕ(H₂)/%	ϕ(CH₄)/%	是否爆炸	ϕ(H₂)/%	ϕ(CH₄)/%	是否爆炸
0.5	3.65	是	1.0	3.00	是
	3.55	是		2.50	是
	3.40	是		2.00	是
	3.25	是		1.50	是
	3.00	是		1.25	否
	2.70	是	1.5	1.60	是
	2.40	是		1.30	是
	2.25	否		1.20	是
				1.00	否

下载: 导出CSV

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