Study on the high-speed penetration resistance of honeycomb tube surface constrained concrete
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摘要: 为研究超高速侵彻下金属蜂窝管约束混凝土结构的抗侵彻性能，利用二级轻气炮开展了1 500 m/s附近弹体侵彻试验，使用物质点法模拟侵彻过程并对靶体和弹体参数的合理性进行验证，并利用该方法研究了蜂窝管壁厚、高度、直径和材料等参数对靶体抗侵彻性能的影响规律。数值计算表明：物质点法可以准确模拟高速侵彻过程，模拟结果与实验误差小于10%；通过正交分析得到的影响侵深的因素依次为：蜂窝管特征管深、特征内径、特征壁厚、材料；影响开坑半径的因素依次为蜂窝管特征壁厚、特征管深、材料、特征内径。对于本文所采用的弹体，根据优化结果分析得到了综合因素最优的组合。Abstract: To investigate the penetration resistance of metal honeycomb tube-constrained concrete structures under hypervelocity impact, penetration experiments were conducted using a two-stage light gas gun with projectile velocities near 1 500 m/s. The material point method (MPM) was employed to simulate the penetration process and validate the reasonableness of target and projectile parameters. This method was further used to analyze the effects of honeycomb tube parameters, including wall thickness, height, diameter, and material, on the penetration resistance of the target structure. Numerical simulations showed that MPM can accurately simulate high-velocity penetration processes, with simulation results deviating from experimental data by less than 10%. Through orthogonal analysis, the factors influencing penetration depth were ranked in descending order as follows: characteristic tube depth, characteristic inner diameter, characteristic wall thickness, and material. For the cratering effect, the primary influencing factors were identified as characteristic wall thickness, characteristic tube depth, material, and characteristic inner diameter. For the projectiles tested in this study, optimization results indicated the following: A combination of 4 mm wall thickness, 150 mm height, 30 mm incircle diameter, and tungsten alloy demonstrated the best penetration resistance, reducing penetration depth by 25.1% compared to plain concrete. A combination of 4 mm wall thickness, 150 mm height, 90 mm incircle diameter, and aluminum exhibited superior resistance to the cratering effect, decreasing crater radius by 28.7% compared to plain concrete. Multi-objective optimization analysis determined the optimal overall configuration to be: 4 mm wall thickness, 150 mm height, 30 mm incircle diameter, and aluminum.
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图 4 弹体撞击蜂窝靶体过程高速摄像
Figure 4. High speed camera during projectile impacting honeycomb target
图 10 不同背景网格尺寸弹体位移-时间曲线
Figure 10. Displacement time curves of projectiles with different background grid sizes
图 11 不同工况弹体位移-时间曲线
Figure 11. Displacement and acceleration curves of projectile penetrating plain concrete at different times
图 12 侵彻不同靶体损伤图与试验对比
Figure 12. Comparison of damage patterns and experiments of penetrating different targets
图 14 不同侵彻工况弹体速度-时间、位移-时间变化曲线
Figure 14. Velocity time and displacement time curves of projectile under different penetration conditions
图 15 侵彻钢管约束混凝土开坑对比
Figure 15. Comparison of penetration into confined concrete filled steel tube
图 16 优化组合与不同工况侵深结果对比
Figure 16. comparison of penetration results between optimized combination and different working conditions
图 17 优化组合与不同工况开坑半径对比
Figure 17. Comparison between optimized combination and pit opening radius under different working conditions
表 1 不同工况条件下开坑半径和开坑深度
Table 1. Pit radius and depth under different working conditions
工况 开坑半径/mm 开坑深度/mm H0 95.6 26.8 H20 52.6 17.7 H50 52.3 16.4 
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表 2 试验后弹体参数、侵彻深度对比
Table 2. Comparison of projectile parameters and penetration depth after test
试验工况 v/(m/s) l/mm $\dfrac{{\Delta l}}{l} \times 100{\text{%}} $ m/g $\dfrac{{\Delta m}}{m} \times 100{\text{%}} $ $ \alpha $/° $\dfrac{{\Delta \alpha }}{{{\alpha _0}}} \times 100{\text{%}} $ P/mm P 1500 /mmH0 1469.8 33.2 7.8 8.7 7.4 68.5 6.4 285 291 H20 1533.5 31.5 12.5 8.6 8.5 64.2 12.3 294 287.6 H50 1456.7 30.4 15.6 8.4 10.6 60.6 17.2 267 275 注：l：弹体长度；m：弹体质量；α，弹头特征角度；α0，弹头初始特征角度；P：实际侵彻深度；P 1500 ，1500 m/s速度下侵彻深度。
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表 3 侵彻结束弹体损伤对比
Table 3. Comparison of projectile damage at the end of penetration
工况 数值模拟 试验回收 H0 
H20 
H50 
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表 4 正交模拟设计表
Table 4. Orthogonal simulation design
方案 T/mm H/mm D/mm 材料 1 1 50 30 钢 2 1 100 90 铝 3 1 150 60 钨 4 2.5 50 90 钨 5 2.5 100 60 钢 6 2.5 150 30 铝 7 4 50 60 铝 8 4 100 30 钨 9 4 150 90 钢
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表 5 不同组合侵深结果极差分析
Table 5. Range analysis of penetration results at different times
模拟工况 T/mm H/mm D/mm 材料 侵深P/mm T1-H50-D30-G 1 50 30 钢 268.34 T1-H100-D90-L 1 100 90 铝 261.17 T1-H150-D60-W 1 150 60 钨 259.29 T2.5-H50-D90-W 2.5 50 90 钨 271.20 T2.5-H100-D60-G 2.5 100 60 钢 260.13 T2.5-H150-D30-L 2.5 150 30 铝 231.33 T4-H50-D60-L 4 50 60 铝 268.41 T4-H100-D30-W 4 100 30 钨 227.01 T4-H150-D90-G 4 150 90 钢 255.66 侵深极差 12.57 20.56 20.45 8.88
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表 6 开坑平均半径正交分析
Table 6. Orthogonal analysis of average radius of excavation
模拟工况 T/mm H/mm D/mm 材料 成坑半径R/mm T1-H50-D30-G 1 50 30 钢 118.4 T1-H100-D90-L 1 100 90 铝 101.1 T1-H150-D60-W 1 150 60 钨 103.7 T2.5-H50-D90-W 2.5 50 90 钨 107.8 T2.5-H100-D60-G 2.5 100 60 钢 86.4 T2.5-H150-D30-L 2.5 150 30 铝 84.3 T4-H50-D60-L 4 50 60 铝 91.0 T4-H100-D30-W 4 100 30 钨 78.3 T4-H150-D90-G 4 150 90 钢 65.3 成坑半径极差 29.5 21.3 2.3 6.6
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表 7 综合因素正交分析
Table 7. Orthogonal analysis of comprehensive factors
工况 T/mm H/mm D/mm 材料 j p r F T1-H50-D30-G 1 50 30 钢 0 0.94 1.00 0.65 T1-H100-D90-L 1 100 90 铝 9.62e−6 0.77 0.67 0.48 T1-H150-D60-W 1 150 60 钨 0.20 0.73 0.72 0.55 T2.5-H50-D90-W 2.5 50 90 钨 0.11 1.00 0.80 0.64 T2.5-H100-D60-G 2.5 100 60 钢 2.18e−3 0.75 0.40 0.38 T2.5-H150-D30-L 2.5 150 30 铝 0.02 0.10 0.36 0.16 T4-H50-D60-L 4 50 60 铝 3.03 e−3 0.94 0.48 0.47 T4-H100-D30-W 4 100 30 钨 1.00 0.00 0.24 0.41 T4-H150-D90-G 4 150 90 钢 4.35e−3 0.65 0.00 0.22 综合得分极差 0.19 0.28 0.06 0.16
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