铱合金在高温下的动态拉伸力学性能

陈军红; 张方举; 胡文军

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0050

铱合金在高温下的动态拉伸力学性能

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0050

中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12172344);

详细信息

作者简介:
陈军红（1987－　），男，博士，副研究员，chenjh@lnm.imech.ac.cn

通讯作者:
张方举（1970－　），男，本科，研究员，zhangfj@caep.cn

中图分类号: O347.3; TN47
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- 文章访问数: 125
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- PDF下载量: 49
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-16
- 修回日期: 2025-06-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-13

Dynamic high-temperature tensile characterization of an iridium alloy

Institute of System Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 基于大电流加热方式建立了小尺寸板状试样高温动态拉伸实验技术，解决了片状试样与波导杆之间有效连接、试样高温实现与温度保持、高温试样与波导杆冷接触时间精准控制三项关键技术。为获取铱合金高温动态拉伸力学性能，利用该实验技术对铱合金进行了10³ s⁻¹应变率下室温、600、900和1100 ℃下的拉伸实验。结果表明，当温度从室温上升到900 ℃时，铱合金拉伸强度下降了12%，延性增加了2倍，但当温度上升至1100 ℃时，铱合金拉伸强度下降了43%且延性增加了7.3倍。基于铱合金试样宏微观断裂形貌表征阐明了其变形机理。随着温度的升高，铱合金由沿晶断裂主控的断裂模式转变为晶粒高温软化断裂主控的断裂模式，晶界失效和晶粒高温软化屈服两者相互竞争，决定了铱合金的高温动态断裂行为。
- 分离式霍普金森拉杆 /
- 铱合金 /
- 高温 /
- 动态拉伸 /
- 失效机理
Abstract: Iridium alloys have been extensively utilized as structural materials in specific high-temperature applications, attributed to their superior strength and ductility at elevated temperatures. To enhance the understanding of high-speed impacts at elevated temperatures, it is imperative to characterize the mechanical properties of iridium alloys, including their failure response under high strain rates and elevated temperatures. In this study, the conventional split Hopkinson tension bar technique was modified to evaluate the tensile behavior of an iridium alloy at high strain rates and elevated temperatures. A dynamic high-temperature tensile testing technique for thin and flat specimens was established based on the high current heating method. A fixture with a slot was employed, enabling the specimen shoulder to bear the load and transmit it to the gauge section of the specimen. An integrated high current heater equipped with a self-controlled system was utilized to heat the iridium alloy specimen and maintain the desired high-temperature conditions. To prevent unintended heating of the bars, a pair of hollow water-cooled pillow blocks were installed. Moreover, to mitigate rapid cooling of the specimen, the cold contact time was meticulously controlled to be less than 1 ms. To elucidate the dynamic high-temperature properties of the iridium alloy, tensile tests were conducted using this technique at a strain rate of 10³ s⁻¹ and at temperatures of room temperature, 600, 900, and 1100 ℃. Experimental results revealed that as the temperature increased from room temperature to 900 ℃, the tensile strength of the iridium alloy decreased by 12%, while its ductility doubled. However, when the temperature was further elevated to 1100 ℃, the tensile strength decreased by 43%, and the ductility increased by a factor of 7.3. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses of the fracture morphologies were conducted to reveal the deformation mechanisms of the iridium alloy. It was found that with increasing temperature, the failure mode of the iridium alloy transitioned from predominantly intergranular fracture to plastic deformation and granular fracture. The dynamic fracture behavior of iridium alloy at high temperatures is governed by the competition between grain-boundary failure and granular softening.
- split Hopkinson tension bar /
- iridium alloy /
- high temperature /
- dynamic tension /
- failure mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 铱合金的显微组织

Figure 1. Microstructure of iridium alloy

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图 2 铱合金试样及夹具

Figure 2. Specimen of iridium alloy and fixture

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图 3 铱合金试样断电后温度随时间的变化

Figure 3. Temperature variation of iridium alloy after power off

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图 4 高温动态拉伸实验装置示意图

Figure 4. Illustration of high temperature dynamic tension device

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图 5 组装后的试样、水冷装置和电极

Figure 5. Assemblage of the specimen, water-cooling fixture and eletrode.

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图 6 铱合金在不同温度下的典型应力-应变曲线

Figure 6. Typical stress-strain curves of iridium alloyunder different temperatures.

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图 7 铱合金平均拉断强度随温度的变化

Figure 7. The variation of average failure strength with temperature.

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图 8 铱合金平均断裂应变随温度的变化

Figure 8. The variation of average failure strain with temperature.

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图 9 铱合金在室温、600、900和1100 ℃下的宏观断裂形貌

Figure 9. The macroscopic fracture morphologies of iridium alloy under room temperature, 600, 900 and 1100 ℃.

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图 10 铱合金在室温下的微观断裂形貌

Figure 10. The microscopic fracture morphologies of iridium alloy under room temperature

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图 11 铱合金在600 ℃下的微观断裂形貌

Figure 11. The microscopic fracture morphologies of iridium alloy under 600 ℃

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图 12 铱合金在900 ℃下的微观断裂形貌

Figure 12. The microscopic fracture morphologies of iridium alloy under 900 ℃

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图 13 铱合金在1100 ℃下的微观断裂形貌

Figure 13. The microscopic fracture morphologies of iridium alloy under 1100 ℃

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