摘要:
为了研究内部爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土单房间的抗爆性能，全尺寸钢筋混凝土单房间建筑物被设计并建造，其尺寸为4m×4m×3m，并在房间内几何中心放置3kgTNT进行内爆炸试验，分析单房间结构的损伤特征。此外，结合LS-DYNA软件对钢筋混凝土单房间结构进行不同炸药当量的数值仿真，研究了单房间建筑物的损伤过程和冲击波传播规律，并且基于试验和模拟结果，使用无量纲加权参数Dr划分了单房间结构的破坏模式。研究表明：3kg炸药在房间结构几何中心爆炸时，单房间结构出现顶板鼓包的现象，顶板边缘出现长条形破口，门口处有裂纹，但整体未垮塌；在内爆炸工况下，钢筋混凝土建筑物的局部损伤特征不仅与炸药当量密切相关，还显著受到结构连接节点设计及构造细节的影响；由于钢筋混凝土动态响应的整体时程较长，在建筑物尚未对上一次冲击波做出明显反应时，下一波冲击波已作用于建筑物，使其在极短时间内多次受冲击，这与通常意义的多次累计爆炸有所区别；通过改变装药量，划分出5种损伤逐级加重的破坏模式（Model Ⅰ 至Model Ⅴ），以加权参数Dr量化定义划分了5种破坏模式，并且拟合了其与炸药当量的函数曲线，研究结果可为剪力墙结构房间毁伤评估提供参考。
Abstract:
In order to study the anti-explosion performance of a single-room reinforced concrete building under internal explosion loads, a full-scale reinforced concrete single-room building, whose dimensions were 4m×4m×3m, was designed and constructed. For the internal explosion test, 3kg TNT was placed in the geometric center of the room. Sensors were installed at the center of the shear wall and roof to record data and analyze the damage characteristics of the single-room structure. In addition, an anti-explosion numerical model of the reinforced concrete single-room structure was established and verified using the LS-DYNA software. The weight of the explosives in the numerical model was changed to study the damage process and shock wave propagation law of the single-room building. Based on the experimental and simulation results, the damage modes of the single room structure were categorized by the dimensionless weighted parameter Dr, and relevant empirical formulas were obtained through data fitting. The results show that when 3kg TNT explodes in the geometric center of the room structure, the single-room structure exhibits roof bulging, with long cracks appearing along the roof edges. However, the whole structure does not collapse; Under the internal explosion condition, the local damage characteristics of reinforced concrete buildings are not only closely related to the explosive yield, but also significantly affected by the design of structural connection nodes and structural details; Due to the delayed dynamic response of reinforced concrete, the next shock wave has acted on the building before the last shock wave has reacted obviously, which subjects it to multiple impacts within a very short time; By varying the charge weight, five damage-aggravating modes (Model I to Model V) were identified. The five damage modes were quantitatively defined using the weighted parameter Dr, and a function curve relating it to the explosive equivalent was fitted. These research findings can provide a reference for damage assessment of shear wall-structured rooms.
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