超高强球面结构抗冲击试验研究

杨笑宇; 陈万祥; 黄俊轩; 许正阳; 陈建营; 颉浩儒

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0134

超高强球面结构抗冲击试验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0134

杨笑宇^1,,
陈万祥^{1, 2, 3, ,},
黄俊轩¹,
许正阳¹,
陈建营¹,
颉浩儒²

1.
中山大学土木工程学院，广东珠海 519082
2.
陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾全国重点实验室，江苏南京 210007
3.
隧道工程灾变防控与智能建养全国重点实验室，广东广州 510275

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52378548）；江苏省自然科学基金（BK20221530）.

详细信息

作者简介:
杨笑宇（2000－　），男，硕士研究生，yangxy387@mail2.sysu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈万祥（1977－　），男，博士，副教授，博士生导师，chenwx77@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O342
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- 文章访问数: 186
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-06
- 修回日期: 2025-07-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-25

Experimental study on the impact resistance of ultra-high- strength spherical structures

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact, PLA Army Engineering University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210007, China
3.
State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510275, China

Funds: ZHOU J N, JIN F N, WANG B. Discussion on projectile parameters in березаиъ formula [J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2008, 20(2): 20-23.

摘要

摘要: 为研究高强材料与异形结构联合防护下工程的抗侵彻能力，设计了一种超高强球面结构加固靶体，利用$\varnothing $125 mm火炮开展了系列400 m/s冲击速度下的侵彻试验，得到了弹体破坏形态和靶体侵彻深度等试验数据。结合半无限厚混凝土靶体的抗侵彻试验进行对比分析，探讨了材料高强力学性能以及球状偏航结构等因素对弹体偏转破碎、侵彻能力的影响。结果表明：在400 m/s的侵彻速度下，设计的超高强球面结构的无量纲侵彻深度为0.11，弹体偏转角为呈83°，质量损失率达23.66%，结构抗侵彻能力为C40混凝土的9倍，防护能力较普通混凝土有显著提升。超高强球面结构的非对称撞击力促使来袭弹发生偏转破碎，使弹体头部产生严重侵蚀，并在侵彻过程中产生跳弹、二次着靶以及折断等行为，可有效阻挡弹体侵入结构内部，极大削弱来袭弹体在防护结构中的侵爆作用。
- 超高强钢 /
- 异形结构 /
- 偏航 /
- 侵彻试验 /
- 球面
Abstract: To explore the anti-penetration abilities of irregular structures made of high-strength alloy steel, a target enhanced with ultra-high-strength spherical structures (UHS-SS) was manufactured in this work. The UHS-SS is fabricated from ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) and mechanically anchored to the target via threaded high-tensile rods, ensuring structural integrity under projectile penetration loading. A series of penetration tests at an impact velocity of 400 m/s was performed using a 125 mm diameter cannon. The yaw-induced projectile deflection was recorded at 5000 s⁻¹, and the failure mode and penetration depth of the projectile were obtained. Through a comparative analysis of anti-penetration experimental results between semi-infinite concrete targets and UHS-SS-reinforced targets, the influences of ultra-high mechanical performances and the spherical yaw-inducing structure on the deflection and fragmentation of the projectile were disclosed. The test results reveal that at a penetration velocity of 400 m/s, the dimensionless penetration depth of the UHS-SS target is 0.11, and the penetration resistance of the UHS-SS target is about 9 times that of C40 concrete. The anti-penetration performance of UHS-SS is significantly enhanced in comparison to that of the ordinary concrete target. Furthermore, as the projectile penetrates the UHS-SS target, the resultant force on the projectile is in a different direction from that of the projectile velocity, which can deflect and shatter the projectile. The behavior of ricocheting off the surface, deflection-induced secondary impact, and fragmentation of the projectile occurred during the anti-penetration test of the UHS-SS target, and the maximal deflection angle was 83º during the experiment, preventing the projectile from penetrating the interior of the protective structure. The UHS-SS target has a severe erosion effect on the projectile at a lower speed of 400m/s, which resulted in a mass loss rate of 23.66% in the experiment. Therefore, the risk of a ground-penetrating weapon penetrating the protective works and detonating is significantly reduced．
- ultra-high strength steel /
- irregular structure /
- yaw /
- penetration test /
- spherical structure

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图 1 弹体

Figure 1. Projectile

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图 2 试验靶体

Figure 2. Targets for penetration tests

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图 3 超高强球面结构

Figure 3. Ultra-high-strength spherical structure

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图 4 曲面偏航概率

Figure 4. Yaw probability on curved surface of UHS-SS

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图 5 弹体与异形体撞击模型

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of the impact between a projectile and an irregular structure

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图 6 弹体碰撞异形体不同位置时的攻角曲线

Figure 6. Relationship between attack angle and striking point

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图 7 弹体着靶点

Figure 7. Striking position of the projectile

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图 8 试验装置

Figure 8. Test setup

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图 9 超高强球面结构抗侵彻过程

Figure 9. Anti-penetration process of the target with UHS-SS

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图 10 着靶姿态及弹体位置

Figure 10. Striking point and position of the projectile

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图 11 C40混凝土靶体抗侵彻过程

Figure 11. Anti-penetration process of the normal target

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图 12 弹体初始与回收状态

Figure 12. Pre and post-test images of projectiles

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图 13 弹体偏转情况（UHS-SS靶）

Figure 13. Deflection of projectiles (UHS-SS target)

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图 14 弹头损伤状态

Figure 14. Damage of projectile nose

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图 15 侵彻过程受力模型

Figure 15. Stress state in the penetration process

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图 16 不同截面弹体抗弯刚度与面积

Figure 16. Bending stiffness and cross-sectional area along the projectile

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图 17 试验后靶体损伤情况

Figure 17. Damage of targets after tests

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表 1 弹体材料（35CrMnSiA）的力学参数

Table 1. Mechanical parameters of projectile material 35CrMnSiA

密度/(kg·m⁻³)	洛氏硬度	抗拉强度/MPa	断后伸长率/%	断面收缩率/%	屈服强度/MPa	断裂韧性/(MPa∙m^1/2)	冲击功/J
7850	HRC45	1630	11	45	1290	102	72

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表 2 UHS-SS材料（30CrMnSiNi2A）的力学参数^[27]

Table 2. Mechanical parameters of UHS-SS material 30CrMnSiNi2A

密度/(kg·m⁻³)	洛氏硬度	抗拉强度/MPa	断后伸长率/%	断面收缩率/%	屈服强度/MPa	硬化系数/MPa	硬化指数	应变率灵敏系数
7850	HRC45	1400	12	58	1270	810	0.48	0.04

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表 3 抗侵彻能力对比

Table 3. Comparison of penetration resistance between UHS-SS and C40

加固类型	命中速度/(m·s⁻¹)	开裂情况	开坑深度/cm	开坑面积/m²	偏转角/(°)	弹体质量损失率/%	弹体损伤情况
UHS-SS	403	4条裂缝	0	0	83	23.66	侵蚀严重，折断
C40	405	10条裂缝	72	1.22	0	2.03	定心环丢失，弹体完好

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