不同双金属超分子化合物抑制镁粉爆燃火焰的实验研究

王慧婷; 韩志跃; 余子明

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0294

不同双金属超分子化合物抑制镁粉爆燃火焰的实验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0294

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室，北京 100081

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题资助（2023YFC3010604）

详细信息

作者简介:
王慧婷（2003－　），女，硕士研究生，1418246822@qq.com

通讯作者:
韩志跃（1984－　），男，博士，副教授，hanzhiyue@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: X932
计量
- 文章访问数: 465
- HTML全文浏览量: 84
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-09
- 修回日期: 2025-10-11
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-16

Experiment on suppression of magnesium powder deflagration flame with different bimetallic supramolecular compounds

1.
Beijing Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 镁粉作为一种常用金属材料，生产过程中具有极大爆炸风险，亟需开发高效靶向抑爆剂。本研究通过共沉淀法成功合成了不同类型的双金属超分子化合物抑爆剂，并利用哈特曼管实验研究了其对镁粉爆炸的抑制效果。发现双金属超分子化合物材料的抑爆效果优于传统抑爆剂碳酸氢钠，且当金属阳离子一致时，碳酸根离子抑爆效果优于氯离子。抑爆效果钙铁碳酸根材料优于铜铝碳酸根材料优于镁铝碳酸根材料优于钙铁氯离子材料优于锌铬碳酸根材料优于镁铝氯离子材料。明确其抑爆机理为吸热分解、物理包裹、惰性气体稀释及金属阳离子/层间阴离子协同清除关键自由基从而实现物理-化学的双重抑爆。本研究对比了不同双金属超分子化合材料对镁粉燃爆的抑制效果，为镁粉意外燃爆的安全防护提供了新思路。
- 双金属超分子化合物 /
- 镁粉爆炸 /
- 火焰传播 /
- 爆炸抑制
Abstract: Magnesium powder, as a commonly used metallic material, poses a significant explosion risk during its production process, necessitating the urgent development of efficient and targeted explosion suppressants. In this study, different types of bimetallic supramolecular compound suppressants were successfully synthesized via the coprecipitation method, and their suppression effects on magnesium powder explosions were investigated using Hartmann tube experiments. It was found that the bimetallic supramolecular compounds exhibited superior explosion suppression performance compared to the traditional suppressant sodium bicarbonate. Moreover, when the metal cations were identical, carbonate ions demonstrated better suppression efficiency than chloride ions. The suppression effectiveness followed the order: CaFe-carbonate > CuAl-carbonate > MgAl-carbonate > CaFe-chloride > ZnCr-carbonate > MgAl-chloride materials. The suppression mechanism was identified as a combination of endothermic decomposition, physical encapsulation, inert gas dilution, and synergistic scavenging of key free radicals by metal cations and interlayer anions, thereby achieving a dual physical–chemical explosion suppression effect. This study compares the suppression performance of different bimetallic supramolecular compounds on magnesium powder deflagration, offering new insights for the safety protection against accidental magnesium powder explosions.
- bimetallic supramolecular compound /
- magnesium powder explosion /
- flame propagation /
- explosion suppression

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图 1 双金属超分子化合物结构图

Figure 1. Structure diagram of bimetallic supramolecular compound

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图 2 镁粉粒径分布

Figure 2. Particle size distribution of magnesium powder

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图 3 镁粉扫描电镜图

Figure 3. Scanning electron microscopy of magnesium powder

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图 4 双金属超分子化合物的制备流程

Figure 4. Preparation process of bimetallic supramolecular compound

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图 5 六种双金属超分子化合物材料的扫描电镜图

Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy of six types of bimetallic supramolecular compound

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图 6 火焰传播实验系统

Figure 6. Flame propagation test system

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图 7 不同质量浓度镁粉的火焰传播

Figure 7. Flame propagation of magnesium powder with different mass concentrations

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图 8 加入不同抑爆剂后的火焰传播

Figure 8. Flame propagation with different explosion suppressants

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图 9 加入不同双金属超分子化合物的火焰速度

Figure 9. Flame velocity with different types of bimetallic supramolecular compound

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图 10 Mg与CaFe-CO₃的热分解特性曲线

Figure 10. Thermal decomposition characteristic curves of Mg and CaFe-CO₃

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表 1 加入不同抑爆剂后的火焰平均速度

Table 1. Average flame velocity with different explosion suppressants added

管长/mm	抑爆剂	到达管顶时间/ms	平均速度/(m·s⁻¹)	降幅
900	无	32	28.13	0
	NaHCO₃	36	25.00	11.13%
	MgAl-Cl	39	23.08	17.95%
	ZnCr-CO₃	40	22.50	20.01%
	CaFe-Cl	42	21.43	23.82%
	MgAl-CO₃	44	20.45	27.30%
	CuAl-CO₃	46	19.57	30.43%
	CaFe-CO₃	65	13.85	50.76%

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表 2 加入不同抑爆剂后的火焰最大速度

Table 2. Maximum flame velocity with different explosion suppressants

抑爆剂	平均速度/ (m·s⁻¹)	到达管顶时间/ms	锋面最大速度/(m·s⁻¹)	最大速度时刻/ms
无	28.13	32	126.45	31.00
NaHCO₃	25.00	36	87.00	35.25
MgAl-Cl	23.08	39	105.00	35.25
ZnCr-CO₃	22.50	40	57.60	33.00
CaFe-Cl	21.43	42	98.55	39.00
MgAl-CO₃	20.45	44	86.40	35.00
CuAl-CO₃	19.57	46	49.05	37.00
CaFe-CO₃	13.85	65	48.24	41.25

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